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ONCOLOGY AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
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ONCOLOGY AND MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY
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Academic year 2016/2017
- Course ID
- SVB0100
- Teaching staff
- Prof. Paola Costelli
Prof. Luca Durelli - Degree course
- Cellular and Molecular Biology
- Year
- 1st year
- Type
- Distinctive
- Credits/Recognition
- 6
- Course disciplinary sector (SSD)
- MED/04 - patologia generale
- Delivery
- Formal authority
- Language
- English
- Attendance
- Lessons optional and laboratories mandatory
- Type of examination
- Written and oral (optional)
- Prerequisites
- - Regulation of gene expression and signal transduction
- Bases of cellular physiology
- Bases of metabolic biochemistry
- Fundaments in genetics
- Good knowledge of cellular biology, ciytology and histology
- Bases of anatomy and physiology - Propedeutic for
- Immunopathology and Physiopathology, Medical and Cancer Genetics
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Sommario del corso
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Course objectives
Aim of the course is to provide students with instruments to understand the molecular bases of human diseases, with particular focus on oncology. Students will be able to establish connections between molecular alterations and the pathogenesis of pathological processes at high integration levels (subcellular compartments, cells, tissues/organs and organism).
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Results of learning outcomes
KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION of the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of the most frequent human diseases, including rare pathologies. Provided the specific focus on Oncology, at the end of the course the students should also have learned: 1) the basis of oncology; 2) the molecular mechanisms underlying both neoèplastic trasnformation and tumor progression; 3) the relevance of the environment (diet, physical activity, co-morbidity, etc.) in cancer progression.
APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION:
The student should acquire the ability to integrate the knowledge obtained with those he/she will derive from other courses such as Immunopathology and Physiopathology, Medical and Cancer Genetics. In addition, he/she should demonstrate the acquisition of skill (theory and practice) to analyse histological preparations.JUDGEMENT AUTONOMY
The student should be able to evaluate and provide interpretation of experimental data. In addition he/she should have well understood the relevance of laboratory safety.
COMMUNICATION SKILL
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Course delivery
The organization of the course is the following: 44 hours will be dedicated to class and seminars, 4 hour to practicing the discussion of scientific papers. Attendance to every type of class is optional, though recommended.
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Learning assessment methods
Learning is verified by means of a written test held in specific predefined calls.
The test consists of a series of questions dealing with all the teaching program developed during the course. Questions are mainly open, aimed at evaluating the specific knowledge, but also the skill for both synthesis and speach organization. Max punctuation is 30/30, every question having the same weight. Particularly relevant executions will be marked cum laude.
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Support activities
Seminars held during the teaching period.
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Program
Molecular Pathology
Disease and syndrome. Extrinsic and intrinsic causes of disease and their interactions. Cellular responses to stress and toxic insults: adaptation, injury and death. Oxidative stress. Ischemia-reperfusion damage.
Physiological and pathological ageing. Progeroid syndromes. Tissue and cellular senescence.
DNA repair defects and their consequences. Germ cells, stem cells, neoplastic cells.
Genetic diseases. Causes and mechanisms of mutation. Chromosomes: structural and numerical alterations. Trinucleotide repeat pathologies (X-fragile). Genomic imprinting (Prader-Willy syndrome). Monogenic diseases. Lysosomal storage diseases
Acute inflammation: cells and mediators. Evolution. Chronic inflammation. Fibroproliferative diseases: atherosclerosis and cirrhosis
Endoplasmic reticulum stress. Protein misfolding. Intracellular protein accumulation as pathogenetic mechanism. Amyloidosis and neurodegenerative diseases.
Erythrocyte physiopathology: molecular bases of haemoglobin and erythrocyte production and degradation. Mechanisms of anemia.
Histopathology on the web, paper discussion
Oncology
The nature of cancer: monoclonality, heterogeneity. Epidemiology. Classification. Lifestyle and cancer.
Carcinogenesis as a multifactorial progressive process. Inflammation and cancer
Cancer stem cells.
Oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes
Angiogenesis
Invasion and metastasis
Tumor etiology. Viral carcinogenesis. Chemical carcinogenesis
Tumor-host interaction-1: immune response to tumors
Tumor host interaction-2: obesity, metabolic syndrome and cancer
Tumor host interaction-3: cancer cachexia
Outline of conventional and molecular therapeutic approaches to neoplastic diseases.
Paper discussion
Suggested readings and bibliography
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Slides from lectures available on the Moodle platform.
Textbooks:
- Kumar, Abbas, Aster Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 9th edition, Elsevier
- Weinberg RA. The biology of Cancer, 2nd ed, 2014 Garland Science
-Tannock IA, Hill R, Bristow R, Harrington L. The basic science of Oncology. 5th edition, 2013, Mc Graw-Hill Education
- DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg's Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology 8th edition http://login.offcampus.dam.unito.it/menu
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